Which of the following best describes the term "cognitive development"?

The term "cognitive development" encompasses the gradual and progressive acquisition of knowledge and cognitive skills throughout an individual's life. This concept is central to understanding how people think, understand, and relate to the world as they age and acquire new experiences. Cognitive development not only involves the simple accumulation of facts but also includes the enhancement of reasoning, problem-solving abilities, and critical thinking skills. It reflects the dynamic nature of learning and intellectual growth that occurs across different stages of life, influenced by both innate abilities and experiences in one's environment.

While other options touch on related aspects of cognitive change, they do not capture the full scope of cognitive development. For instance, the growth of memory skills represents only one facet of cognition. Similarly, biological maturation is a foundational element of development but does not address the interactive processes that lead to increased cognitive abilities. Changes in behavior due to learning experiences certainly relate to cognitive aspects, but they primarily focus on behavioral outcomes rather than the underlying development of cognitive skills and knowledge. Thus, the selection of "the progressive acquisition of knowledge and cognitive skills" encapsulates the broader, more comprehensive nature of cognitive development.