Which of the following best describes automatic processing?

Automatic processing is best described as requiring minimal cognitive effort. This type of processing occurs when tasks or activities become so familiar or well-practiced that they can be executed without intense mental effort or concentration. For example, activities like driving a car for an experienced driver or reading familiar text can be done almost effortlessly due to the automaticity acquired through repetition and practice.

While automatic processing allows for efficient functioning in everyday tasks, it does not guarantee accuracy, as evidenced by common errors that can occur when performing tasks automatically, especially in complex situations. Additionally, it does not necessarily enhance attention; in fact, because it requires little cognitive effort, it can sometimes lead to reduced attention to detail. Although automatic processes can be so well-practiced that they feel unconscious, they are not entirely devoid of awareness or control. Therefore, the key feature of automatic processing is its minimal requirement for cognitive resources, making it a defining characteristic.