What does the dual-coding theory suggest?

The dual-coding theory posits that information is processed through two distinct but interconnected channels: one for verbal information and the other for visual information. This theory, developed by Allan Paivio, suggests that the use of both verbal and visual codes enhances memory and understanding.

When information is represented through both channels, it can create a richer, more complex mental representation, making it easier for individuals to retrieve and relate to the information. For instance, when a concept is learned using both words (verbal) and images (visual), it creates a dual system of encoding that facilitates better learning and retention. This theory underlines the importance of multisensory learning and how it can optimize cognitive processing and memory performance.

The other options do not accurately capture the essence of dual-coding theory. The idea of a single channel for processing all types of information ignores the differential processing that occurs in our cognition. Similarly, suggesting that cognitive processes are solely verbal neglects the significant role that visual information plays in learning. Lastly, the assertion that all information is processed in a linear fashion doesn't align with how cognition naturally occurs, as it often involves simultaneous processing across multiple channels.