Define "transfer of learning."

The concept of "transfer of learning" refers to the influence that previously acquired knowledge and skills have on the learning of new tasks. When one learns something in one context, that knowledge can often be applied to another, potentially different context. This can enhance the efficiency and effectiveness of learning new material or performing new tasks by utilizing existing cognitive frameworks and skills.

For example, if a student learns problem-solving strategies in mathematics, they may be able to apply the same strategies to solve problems in physics. This transfer can be positive, where prior knowledge assists in learning new information, or negative, where it may hinder learning due to interference. The ability to transfer learning across different domains is essential in educational settings, as it demonstrates a deeper understanding of material and cognitive flexibility in applying knowledge.

In contrast, the other options focus on either the lack of transfer, cognitive evaluation, or forgetting, none of which capture the essence of how earlier learning impacts new experiences or tasks.